terça-feira, 24 de novembro de 2009

Mineralogia - Berilo

Berilo






Água marinha (variedade do Berilo) truncando a Turmalina,  pertencem a Classe dos Ciclosilicatos com sistema cristalino Hexagonal.
 


 A variedade verde do Berilo é a Esmeralda.







                       Berilo

Fórmula Química - Be3Al2Si6O18
 
Composição - 13,96 % BeO, 18,97 % Al2O3, 67,07 % SiO2

 
Cristalografia - Hexagonal


Classe - Bipiramidal dihexagonal

 Propriedades Ópticas - Uniaxial negativo


 Hábito - Prismático, estriado, colunar, granular. 


Clivagem - Imperfeita em {0001}


Dureza - 7,5 - 8


 Densidade relativa - 2,6 - 2,8


 Fratura - Conchoidal



 Brilho - Vítreo, resinoso


 Cor - Verde-esmeralda (esmeralita), verde-pálido, azul (água marinha), amarelo, branco, vermelho-rosa pálido (morganita), incolor

 Associação - Associado a quartzo, lepidolita, muscovita, turmalinas, cassiterita.  


 Propriedades Diagnósticas - Cor, hábito ( em geral colunar), dureza, clivagem, propriedades ópticas. 


Ocorrência - Encontrado em cavidades de granitos e granitos pegmatíticos. Ocorre também em nefelina-sienitos, micaxistos e margas.


 Usos - Gema (esmeralda, água marinha, morganita) e fonte do elemento berilo.













            Turmalina

Fórmula Química - Na(Fe,Mn)3Al6B3Si6O27(OH,F)4
 
Cristalografia - Hexagonal


 Classe - Bipiramidal hexagonal

Propriedades Ópticas - Uniaxial negativo

Hábito - Prismático, estriado, colunar, laminar 


Clivagem - Fraca {11-20} e {10-11}


Dureza - 7 - 7,5


Densidade relativa - 2,9 - 3,2


Fratura - Subconchoidal


Brilho - Lustroso, vítreo a resinoso


Cor - Incolor, marron-amarelado, marrom a preto

Associação - Associada a axinita, datolita.
Propriedades Diagnósticas - Hábito (em geral prismático), seção basal triangular, ausência de clivagem, estrias longitudinais, dureza, testes químicos.
  Ocorrência - Encontrado em rochas metamórficas. Presente também em rochas básicas por metassomatismo de boro. 
  Usos - Gema.

 
 

14 comentários:

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